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Lender forbearance

Journal

Journal of Financial and Quantitative Analysis

Subject

Accounting

Authors / Editors

Bird A;Ertan A;Karolyi S A;Ruchti T G

Biographies

Publication Year

2020

Abstract

We use a threshold-based design to study ex post discretion in lenders’ contractual enforcement of covenant violations. At preset thresholds, lenders enforce contractual breaches only infrequently, but this enforcement is associated with material consequences, e.g., fees and renegotiations. Enforcement varies significantly over time and peaks when credit conditions are tightest, indicating that enforcement is procyclical. Costly coordination reduces enforcement: syndicates with ex ante restrictive voting requirements enforce at lower rates. Consistent with theories of lender competition and implicit contracting, enforcement rates are lower for borrowers with access to alternative sources of financing and well-reputed lead arrangers.

Available on ECCH

No


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